Evidence: method/reforestation

109 articles. Distilled findings; bold = already cited in the docs.

Native Tree Area Scheme planting in Ireland (guide) — The article explains how Irish landowners can establish small native woodlands, up to 2 hectares, through the Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine's Native Tree Area Scheme (NTAS). The…
Woody Meadow Guidelines (guide) (needs verification) — This page is a landing page for the Woody Meadow Guidelines from the University of Melbourne, offering the guidelines as downloadable PDFs in high-resolution (63MB) and low-resolution (11.6MB)…
[cited] Cork as climate solution (news) — Cork harvested from Portuguese cork oak forests is presented as a climate-friendly material, with the forests storing an estimated 14 million tons of CO₂ annually and the trees remaining productive…
Climate threats to tropical forest restoration (news) — Starting in the 1980s, ecologists Daniel Janzen and Winnie Hallwachs and local partners restored degraded cattle pastures in Costa Rica's Guanacaste region to dry tropical forest by fencing land,…
New Zealand forestry climate policy (news) — New Zealand's large-scale afforestation, mostly fast-growing Pinus radiata pine incentivized through its emissions trading scheme, has added about 175,000 hectares of forest since 2019 but has caused…
Global tree species distribution mapping (news) — EPFL and ETH Zurich scientists mapped the distribution of over 10,000 tree species worldwide by combining almost 26 million tree observations with climate, soil, and geographic constraint data. The…
[cited] Effectiveness of carbon offset credits (news) — Carbon credits let companies and countries offset emissions by funding projects that reduce or remove carbon dioxide elsewhere, and they have become central to climate policy. The article argues that…
[cited] Dartington forest garden lease dispute (news) — The Dartington forest garden in Devon, a two-acre agroforestry site developed over 31 years by the Agroforestry Research Trust and founder Martin Crawford, faces closure after the Dartington Hall…
China's Loess Plateau restoration project (news) — China's Grain to Green project, launched in 1999 with World Bank backing, aimed to regreen the severely eroded Loess Plateau by converting cropland to forest and grassland, banning uncontrolled…
Greenhouse gas emissions from ditches (news) — A study of greenhouse gas emissions from ditches and canals, drawing on data from 119 ditches across 23 countries, finds these human-made waterways emit substantial CO₂, methane, and nitrous oxide.…
[cited] Natural tropical forest regrowth potential (news) — A study in Nature Communications identifies the tropical areas with the greatest potential for natural forest regrowth and provides a global map to guide restoration. Over half of the high-potential…
Cannock tree-planting nature reserve (news) — Plans for a 100-acre nature reserve near Cannock, Staffordshire, which will be open to the public, have been approved. The Woodland Trust will plant 30,000 native trees, including oak, birch, and…
Indonesian biomass energy deforestation (news) — Mongabay reports that PT Malinau Hijau Lestari (MHL) plans a wood pellet biomass plantation in Malinau, North Kalimantan, where three villages have signed over at least 5,000 hectares. An analysis by…
Global emissions reduction shortfall (news) — A UN analysis of national carbon-cutting plans from close to 200 countries finds they would reduce emissions by only about 2.6% by 2030 compared with 2019, far short of the roughly 43% cut scientists…
Boreal forest fires and carbon emissions (news) — Forest fires have become more widespread and severe under global heating, especially in high northern latitudes such as Canada and Siberia. Emissions from non-tropical forest fires have nearly…
Declining natural carbon sinks (news) — Trees and land absorbed almost no carbon dioxide in the past year, raising concern that the planet's natural carbon sinks may be losing their ability to offset human emissions. Scientists attribute…
Ireland forestry biodiversity restoration (news) — Coillte, Ireland's state forestry company, is working to enhance and restore biodiversity across its 440,000-hectare estate, which spans conifer, broadleaf, mixed and native woodlands as well as…
Chester Zoo habitat woodland creation (news) — Chester Zoo has planted nearly 19,000 native broadleaf trees across nine hectares of a low-biodiversity silage field in Upton, Cheshire, creating its largest habitat project to date. The woodland…
Environmentally harmful government subsidies (news) — A report from the Accountability Framework initiative (AFi) finds that government subsidies intended to support sustainable development are often directed to industries and projects that drive…
[cited] Protected area effectiveness in forest conservation (news) — A research study analyzing forest loss inside and outside protected areas worldwide found that these areas prevent only about 30% of the forest loss that would otherwise occur. Protection is least…
Northern Forest tree planting initiative (news) — More than 1.9 million trees were planted across the Northern Forest in 2023, the largest planting season since the project began in 2018. The initiative aims to plant 50 million trees over 25 years…
Community-owned wind farm funding reforestation (news) — Locals in the Outer Hebrides are planting native trees across the islands through the Western Isles Woodland Project, which aims to plant at least one million indigenous trees by 2030 and has so far…
Native tree planting for habitat restoration (news) — The Wild Haweswater project in the English Lake District plans to plant thousands of native trees, including oak, ash, and rowan, across the Haweswater catchment to restore habitats, reduce soil…
[cited] Science-based tree planting strategies (news) — Dr. Jake Robinson argues that tree planting should be guided by science rather than tree counts alone, with attention to local ecosystems, soil, water availability, and suitable species. He warns…
[cited] Ecological restoration of Nephin Forest (news) — A study published in Applied Vegetation Science surveyed 230 plant community sites across the 4,700ha of formerly commercial conifer plantation in Nephin Forest, Co. Mayo, to assess how plant…
Miyawaki tiny forest method (news) — The article argues that the Miyawaki method, which plants dense mixes of native species on small plots, could help Perth reverse its declining tree canopy. Its first Western Australian project at…
Agroforestry in Thai rubber farming (news) — Rubber farming supports more than a million smallholder farmers in Thailand, but monoculture plantations have driven significant deforestation, with at least 2 million hectares of forest lost to…
Global forest carbon sink trends (news) — A new study based on extensive ground measurements from millions of forest plots finds that the global forest carbon sink has persisted over the past three decades despite rising wildfire, drought,…
Forest carbon mapping via GEDI lidar (news) — NASA's GEDI lidar mission, which maps forest structure and aboveground biomass in 3D from the International Space Station, returned to operation about six months earlier than planned after a hiatus.…
Farmer Managed Natural Regeneration reforestation (news) — Tony Rinaudo, an Australian agronomist, discovered in Niger in the 1980s that protecting regrowing tree stumps from grazing was more effective than planting saplings, which often died in harsh…
Conservation value measurement in Texas (news) — Texan by Nature released the Return on Conservation (ROC) report in June 2024, offering a flexible formula to quantify the environmental and economic value of conservation work such as tree planting…
Forest soil organic carbon storage (news) — A study published in Forest Ecosystems examined soil organic carbon (SOC) to a depth of 1 meter across a subalpine forest succession sequence southeast of the Tibetan Plateau. The researchers found…
Northern Ireland forestry support decline (news) — John Hetherington, managing director of Premier Woodlands, says all support schemes for forestry in Northern Ireland have ended, leaving the private sector uncertain and raising concern that tree…
Record global temperature rise (news) — Scientists report that Earth is warming at an unprecedented rate, with global temperatures at a record high compared to historical data. The article stresses that a critical window remains to halt…
[cited] Miyawaki urban forest method in Mexico (news) — Nezahualcóyotl, a densely populated municipality adjacent to Mexico City, has begun planting its first Miyawaki forest on a 600-square-meter lot at its Technological University to counter urban heat…
Forest landscape digital twin modeling (news) — Researchers developed iLand, a digital twin model that simulates forest landscapes over decades to centuries and across areas up to 100,000 hectares, including interactions between trees and pests…
[cited] Biodiversity outcomes of forest restoration (news) — A recent review in Nature Reviews Biodiversity, led by Pedro Brancalion of the University of São Paulo, finds that global forest restoration efforts often overstate or fail to deliver biodiversity…
[cited] Creating thriving biodiverse forests (news) — The UK's announcement to plant 20 million trees for a new 'national forest' highlights the difficulty of turning planted trees into healthy, functioning woodland. The article argues that resilient…
Burying forest wood debris for carbon capture (news) — Cornell University researchers estimate that burying wood debris from managed forests over the next 76 years could remove 770 to 937 gigatons of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, lowering global…
[cited] Carbon sequestration in secondary forests (news) — A study led by Nathaniel Robinson of The Nature Conservancy mapped aboveground carbon accumulation across more than 100,000 forest plots worldwide and found that secondary forests aged 20 to 40 years…
UK ancient woodland regeneration failure (news) — A study of eight UK ancient woodland sites, using monitoring data back to 1959, found that young trees are dying at rising rates and failing to replace older trees. Sapling mortality roughly doubled…
Peak District ravine woodland restoration (news) — The five-year LIFE in the Ravines project has restored up to 25% of the most severely damaged woodlands in the Peak District Dales Special Area of Conservation by planting 84,000 native trees. The…
Forest garden agroforestry restoration in Africa (news) — Trees for the Future (TREES), a U.S.-based NGO, is expanding its forest garden approach, a regenerative agroforestry model, across sub-Saharan Africa, aiming to restore 188,000 hectares over five…
[cited] Climate-driven wildfire prevention in Europe (news) — Summer 2023 brought some of the largest wildfires in recent memory to Spain, Portugal, and France, burning hundreds of thousands of hectares and forcing evacuations. The fires were fueled by extreme…
[cited] Reforestation and forest restoration (news) — An interview with forest researcher Rudel argues that top-down pledges such as the New York Declaration on Forests often fail because they lack reliable working relationships with local actors who…
[cited] Hedgerow soil carbon storage (news) — A University of Leeds-led study of nine farms across five English locations found that soil under hedgerows stores on average about 40 tonnes more carbon per hectare than adjacent managed grassland.…
Agroforestry adoption mapping in the Midwest (news) — A study led by Sarah Castle maps Midwest agricultural land where agroforestry (integrating trees and shrubs into farming) would deliver the greatest soil, water, climate, and profitability benefits,…
Reforestation hotspot mapping (news) — A new study identifies 195 million hectares of reforestation hotspots where tree planting and forest regrowth are most likely to deliver climate, biodiversity, and community benefits, a figure…
Reforestation carbon sequestration limits (news) — A new Science study finds that land previously identified as suitable for reforestation shrank by as much as two-thirds once biodiversity, food security, and water constraints were included, an area…
Climate change tipping points (news) — A 2025 Global Tipping Points report, released during COP28, evaluates 25 Earth systems that human societies depend on and identifies five that are close to crossing irreversible thresholds due to…
Climate change impacts on UK trees (news) — Forestry England has released a 'species for the future' list of thirty trees expected to tolerate a warmer, drier UK climate, including native species like oak and birch and non-natives like coast…
Rothbury Estate nature recovery campaign (news) — Sir David Attenborough has publicly backed a £30 million campaign by the Wildlife Trusts and Northumberland Wildlife Trust to buy the 9,486-acre Rothbury Estate in Northumberland, which has been…
Atmospheric carbon dioxide removal (news) — Johan Rockström, director of the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, warns that removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere is essential to avoid crossing climate tipping points, in…
Woody meadows in urban Australia (news) — Researchers at the University of Melbourne ran a decade-long, Australia-first collaborative project testing woody meadows, diverse plantings of native groundcovers, shrubs, and small trees designed…
Global seagrass blue carbon inventory (news) — An international study led by CEAB-CSIC and BIOSFERA presents the first global inventory of blue carbon stored in seagrass meadows, published in Nature Communications. The living parts of seagrass…
[cited] Reforestation organization transparency directory (news) — The Global Reforestation Organization Directory, developed by researchers at UC Santa Cruz with Mongabay, provides standardized public information on more than 125 major tree-planting intermediary…
[cited] Denmark farmland afforestation and EU climate targets (news) (needs verification) — Denmark is converting about 10 per cent of its farmland into natural habitats and forests under a US$6 billion plan aimed at reducing fertiliser runoff and capturing carbon. The article links this…
UK Western Forest tree planting (news) (needs verification) — Planting has begun at Pucklechurch Wood, a 30-hectare site that will be the UK's first new national forest in over 30 years and part of the wider Western Forest across four counties. More than 22,000…
[cited] Welsh woodland and peatland restoration (news) (needs verification) — Coed Cadw, the Woodland Trust in Wales, has acquired 140 additional hectares at Cefn Morfudd near Neath, extending a 236-hectare habitat restoration project that began with 95 hectares at Brynau Farm…
Nature-based carbon removal and reforestation (news) (needs verification) — Chestnut Carbon has raised $160 million in Series B financing to buy marginal and degraded farmland, plant native trees, and sell the resulting carbon credits. The company aims to reach 100 million…
Insect-driven tree mortality in Europe (news) — An international study led by the Czech University of Life Sciences, with participation from the Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL), finds that insect-driven tree…
[cited] Bark beetle forest dieback in Germany (news) — Bark beetle outbreaks, made possible by successive droughts and heatwaves, have killed large areas of spruce forest in Germany's Harz mountains since 2018. Foresters are replanting with mixed species…
UK and EU tree planting targets (news) — A new ECIU analysis finds the UK is falling behind its tree-planting targets, and that if current rates continue, planting will miss the target by an area about three times the size of Greater…
Rainforest restoration seedling survival (news) — Researchers tracked 5,119 seedlings over 18 months in Malaysian Borneo, comparing undisturbed forests with areas logged 30 to 35 years earlier. Seedling numbers initially looked promising in restored…
[cited] Mangrove restoration project failures (news) — Mangrove restoration is widely promoted for carbon storage, storm protection and fisheries, but roughly 70% of projects in parts of Southeast Asia and Latin America reportedly struggle to establish…
Wilderness protection and active stewardship (news) — The article argues that the U.S. wilderness system, covering more than 110 million acres under the 1964 Wilderness Act's no-management model, may need active human stewardship to survive climate…
[cited] Tree diversity and forest carbon storage (news) — A study in Global Change Biology, led by the University of Freiburg, analyzed 16 years of data from the Sardinilla experiment in Panama, the world's longest-running tropical tree diversity…
Tree planting carbon removal strategies (news) — A University of Exeter study published in PNAS finds that tree planting remains one of the most cost-effective ways to remove carbon dioxide, even under deep climate and economic uncertainty. The…
Private forest restoration with carbon credits (news) — Madhya Pradesh's forest department has released a draft policy that would let private entities restore the state's degraded forests in exchange for 60-year carbon credit rights. Of the state's 9.5…
Mixed-species forest restoration (news) — Global tree-planting pledges, including the goal of planting over 1 trillion trees this decade, often rely on single-species monoculture plantations that are fragile and can fail en masse. A 13-year…
Mixed-species forest restoration vs. monocultures (news) — A 13-year field experiment at the Smithsonian Environmental Research Center (BiodiversiTREE) found that tree plots mixing multiple native species grow up to 80% larger than single-species…
Humber Forest community tree planting (news) (needs verification) — Organisers of the Humber Forest in East Yorkshire and North Lincolnshire have launched a 25-year strategy to keep growing the community forest for decades. Since 2020, 292 hectares of trees and 65…
[cited] Community tree planting for flood mitigation (news) (needs verification) — Reimagining the Levels, an environmental group formed after the 2014 Somerset floods, has planted more than 120,000 trees and hedgerows on private land to slow water flow and reduce flooding. Its…
Tortoise-driven Sahel vegetation recovery (news) — In 2021, researchers released 500 African spurred tortoises into a degraded southern Sahara landscape, where their burrowing broke through the sealed soil crust and let rainwater penetrate. Satellite…
Urban vegetation design and heat stress (news) — A field study in Melbourne, Munich and Hong Kong measured how different urban planting types affected the heat people experience outdoors, including mean radiant temperature, not just air…
Payments for forest ecosystem services in Brazil (news) — The CONSERV program pays landowners in the Amazon and Cerrado savanna to protect forests they are legally permitted to clear, with a pilot phase that avoided over 30,000 hectares of legal…
Indigenous Amazonian chagra farming systems (news) (needs verification) — The article profiles chagras, indigenous agroforestry plots in the Amazon that are planted in sync with forest ecological cycles, use no pesticides, and are returned to forest after five or six…
[cited] Agroforestry and community farm ownership (news) — Wakelyns, a 56-acre farm in Suffolk, has operated as a living laboratory for agroforestry since its purchase in 1992, interleaving rows of trees with organic arable alleys and a range of enterprises.…
[cited] Tropical forest degradation and carbon recovery (news) — A meta-analysis of 146 studies on tropical rainforests since 1988, led by researchers from GFZ Potsdam and the University of Cambridge, quantifies carbon losses from forest disturbances and…
Plant diversity and pest control (news) — An international study led by the Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change synthesized 149 field studies from 214 sites in 27 countries to examine how plant diversity affects food…
Swidden agriculture and forest sustainability (news) — A study of more than 18,000 forest patches found that swidden (slash-and-burn) agriculture is more nuanced and less destructive than its name suggests. Unwritten social norms in small communities,…
Forest thinning versus clearfelling (news) — Researchers revisited the Silvicultural Systems Project, a late-1980s Victorian experiment comparing clearfelling with alternative logging methods in mountain ash forests, and found that heavily…
[cited] Natural forest regeneration as restoration (news) (needs verification) — A study from the University of Queensland and the University of Newcastle, published in Nature Ecology & Evolution, found that natural forest regeneration delivers substantial carbon and biodiversity…
Indigenous food trees in East African restoration (news) — Communities in East Africa face both malnutrition and biodiversity loss driven by deforestation, yet tree-planting programs mostly favor fast-growing non-native timber species over native…
Planetary boundaries breaches and health (news) — A 2026 annual planetary health check led by 60 scientists under the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research finds seven of nine planetary boundaries breached at their highest levels ever…
Drought effects on forest carbon uptake (news) (needs verification) — During drought, trees close their stomata to conserve water, which halts photosynthesis and CO₂ uptake. Because each CO₂ molecule absorbed costs roughly 400 water molecules, forests can end up…
Older Australians' volunteer ecological restoration (news) — The article profiles retired Australians who volunteer in or lead ecological restoration, including Susan Downes, who restored 120 hectares of bush at Mount Mackie in Western Australia. It reports…
Hurricane Isaias US landfall impacts (news) (needs verification) — Hurricane Isaias made landfall in Florida as a post-tropical cyclone after reaching maximum sustained winds of 105mph, toppling trees, tearing off roofs, and submerging vehicles across the southern…
Northeast nor'easter coastal flooding (news) (needs verification) — A powerful nor'easter caused multi-day coastal flooding from New Jersey to New England, with tidal surges, heavy rain of more than 4 inches in some New Jersey spots, and wind gusts that knocked out…
Redefining the nature-human contract (opinion) — The article argues that the traditional nature-human contract, based on the assumption that ecosystems could indefinitely supply resources, has broken down under industrialisation, deforestation,…
Tree planting and forest conservation (opinion) — The UN's Decade of Ecosystem Restoration (2021–2030) has encouraged large-scale tree-planting drives worldwide, but critics note limited community involvement, weak post-planting care, and a tendency…
Reforestation-based green impact investing (opinion) — A German-language promotional page for Green Impact Investing, a cooperative that invests members' money in reforesting degraded farmland in Panama with mixed native tropical hardwoods. The company…
Climate Change (reference) (needs verification) — The article provides an overview of the causes, effects, and solutions to climate change, breaking down complex concepts into accessible information.
Global reforestation climate mitigation potential (reference) — The article estimates that up to 195 million hectares worldwide could be restored to forest cover for climate mitigation. Reforesting these areas could capture about 2.2 billion tonnes of CO₂ per…
Edible urban neighbourhood design in Utrecht (reference) — Felixx Landscape Architects & Planners and De Zwarte Hond designed the Rijnvliet housing development in Utrecht, Netherlands, a 150,000-square-metre neighbourhood of 1,000 homes surrounded by roughly…
Earth system tipping points (reference) (needs verification) — The Global Tipping Points Report 2025, produced by 160 authors from 23 countries ahead of COP30, examines harmful natural tipping points that threaten life support systems and societal stability, and…
Agrivoltaic olive grove land use (study) — Researchers report that a single hectare of olive grove with solar panels installed overhead can yield about 789 kg of olive oil and 891 MWh of solar power per year without significant loss to either…
[cited] Land-based carbon dioxide removal in net-zero pledges (study) — Countries' current net-zero climate pledges require roughly 1 billion hectares (0.9–1.1 billion) of land for carbon dioxide removal, with over 40% of that area involving conversion of existing land…
Mineral-based soil carbon dioxide removal (study) — The article reviews three soil- and mineral-based carbon dioxide removal (CDR) approaches: enhanced rock weathering with crushed silicate rocks, mineral doping of biochar, and mineral amendments that…
[cited] Holistic forest restoration (study) — Restoring forests involves much more than simply planting trees; it requires understanding and nurturing the complex relationships between trees, people, animals, and microbes. Effective restoration…
Carbon dioxide removal in climate mitigation (study) — This study analyzes IPCC-assessed scenarios to evaluate how carbon dioxide removal (CDR) contributes to climate targets, since the IPCC's 6th Assessment Report lacked sufficient land-sector data to…
Land-based climate mitigation and biodiversity (study) — This study modeled how large-scale land-based climate mitigation, specifically bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) and afforestation, would affect global biodiversity from 2030 to 2090…
Tropical forest dynamics in Central Africa (study) — This data descriptor presents 40 years of census data (1982 to 2022) from three untreated control plots in an intact tropical forest near M'Baïki, Central African Republic. Over this period, basal…
Canopy structural diversity and forest resilience (study) — A 2025 study in Nature Ecology & Evolution reports that canopy structural diversity, measured horizontally and vertically, supports European forest resilience across about 80% of studied areas, with…
Puducherry green cover expansion (study) — Puducherry is expanding its green cover, currently at 12.57%, toward a target of at least 24% by 2030 through urban greening, community planting, coastal protection, and wetland restoration led by…
Forest species conversion and European climate (study) — A regional climate model study finds that converting coniferous forests to broadleaved trees in currently forested European areas can cool summer hot extremes, reducing July mean daily maximum…
Temperate forest growth under climate change (study) — Using the VS-Lite tree-ring growth model calibrated on 2013 chronologies from 15 temperate tree genera in Central-Southeast Europe, the study projects wood formation under four SSP climate scenarios…
Blue carbon ecosystem research priorities (study) — A priority-setting exercise led by 28 global experts, seven years after the last global assessment, identifies the top ten research questions for blue carbon ecosystems (mangroves, tidal marshes,…
Mycorrhizal fungi for tree restoration (tool) — Scottish biotech firm Rhizocore Technologies raised £4.5 million to scale production of ectomycorrhizal fungi that help trees survive and grow after planting. Field trials cited in the article report…